prevent disease

In the autumn and winter season, the weather turns cold and the temperature difference between day and night is large, which is also the period of high incidence of infectious diseases in autumn and winter. However, schools are densely populated places and are prone to the spread of infectious diseases. In order to prevent and control the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases in the autumn and winter this year, protect the health of teachers and students, and maintain the normal education and teaching order in schools, the following notices regarding the prevention and control of infectious diseases in autumn and winter are hereby:

1. Infectious diseases that need attention in autumn and winter

      1. New coronary pneumonia: The main manifestations are fever, dry cough, and fatigue. A few patients are accompanied by nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, conjunctivitis, myalgia, and diarrhea. Spread through respiratory droplets and close contact is the main route of transmission; there is a possibility of aerosol transmission when exposed to high concentrations of aerosol for a long time in a relatively closed environment.

      2. Influenza (flu): An acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus. The main symptoms are fever, runny nose, sore throat, cough, and body muscles and joints. It is spread through coughing or sneezing, and infection may also occur if it comes into contact with tea cups, toys, etc. contaminated by influenza virus. The crowd is generally susceptible.

      3. Chickenpox: It is mainly transmitted through the respiratory tract or contact. The patient is infectious from 2 days before the appearance of the rash to 6 days after the appearance of the rash. In the early stage of illness, there may be prodromal symptoms such as fever, headache, and general fatigue. A rash appears within 24 hours of onset, with more trunk and head, and fewer limbs.

      4. Pulmonary tuberculosis: mainly spread through the respiratory tract. When the patient coughs, sneezes, speaks loudly or spits, the droplets with Mycobacterium tuberculosis are discharged from the body to form bacterial droplets floating in the air, causing infection after being inhaled by others.

      5. Norovirus gastroenteritis: Acute intestinal infection caused by norovirus, highly contagious, common symptoms include gastroenteritis such as diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, nausea and stomach pain. Eating virus-contaminated food or water, contacting patients' vomit or feces, contacting contaminated objects can all be infected, and the aerosols produced by vomiting are also infectious.

      6. Measles: It is caused by the measles virus. The incubation period is 8-12 days. The symptoms are grayish white spots on the oral mucosa, accompanied by cough, runny nose, and high fever above 39°C. It is mainly transmitted by respiratory droplets.

      7. Mumps: Acute, systemic infectious disease caused by mumps virus, usually cured in about 2 weeks. The typical clinical manifestations are fever, swelling and pain in the parotid area under the ears, and under the jaw. Parotid gland swelling is characterized by spreading forward, backward, and downward centered on the earlobe, and can be complicated by meningoencephalitis and acute pancreatitis. Mumps patients and recessive infections are the main sources of infection. It is more common in children and adolescents, and it recovers well.

2. Precautions for the prevention of infectious diseases

      To ensure the safety of students, in addition to publicity and education, strict implementation of the morning and afternoon inspection system, careful opening of windows for ventilation, and school cleaning and disinfection, the school also hopes that parents will urge and remind your children to do the following:

      1. For students whose body temperature is above 37.3℃ or have other symptoms such as cough or rash during the morning check or during school, parents should pick them up in time and go to a regular hospital for treatment.

      2. Pay attention to the child's physical condition at home. If you find fever, rash, headache, fatigue, parotid gland swelling and pain, please take your child to see a doctor in time, and follow the doctor’s advice to decide whether to come to school, consciously accept the unified arrangement of the hospital for examination and treatment, and ensure that “early detection, early Treat, report early and isolate early." If a child is absent from work due to illness, parents are requested to promptly contact the head teacher of the class to truthfully inform the child’s physical condition so that the school can do a good job in related disease prevention. If the child is diagnosed with an infectious disease, he should go to the hospital to issue a certificate after he recovers before returning to school.

      3. Help children learn to wash their hands scientifically. Wash your hands promptly before meals, before and after going to the toilet, blowing your nose, sneezing, rubbing your eyes, going home, after school, after going to the hospital, after going out to touch public goods, after touching animals, and after touching garbage. Wash your hands with running water and soap (or hand sanitizer) for no less than 15 seconds. Remember the seven-character formula for hand washing: inner-outer-clamp-bow-big-force-wrist.

      4. Educate children to develop good hygiene habits. Sneezing, coughing and cleaning your nose should be covered with toilet paper. Don’t throw used toilet paper or spit anywhere; avoid sharing water cups, tableware, towels and other items with others; avoid contact with suspicious children to avoid cross-infection. Cultivate a civilized dining habit of using public spoons and chopsticks and sharing meals.

      5. Drink plenty of boiled water instead of raw water and try to drink less colored beverages. Ensure adequate nutrition; eat a reasonable diet, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits and hot cooked foods to increase the body's immunity.

      6. Do not get together and gather less during holidays and avoid cross-border and cross-provincial travel. On holidays, try not to bring children to crowded places. If you must go to shopping malls, supermarkets and other public places with heavy traffic, wear masks scientifically and keep a social distance of more than one meter with others. Try to avoid unnecessary cross-border and cross-province travel. If you must cross-border and cross-province, please report to your community (village committee) and your child’s school in advance; after returning to the spring, you should report to your community (village committee) Meeting) and the child’s school, and manage it in accordance with the requirements of Quanzhou New Crown Prevention and Control Headquarters.

      7. Do a good job in home environmental hygiene. In the living room, open windows for ventilation at least three times a day, not less than 30 minutes each time, to keep the air fresh. Wash children’s toys or other living and school supplies frequently and thoroughly, and wash clothes and quilts frequently.

      8. Vaccination is the most economical and effective measure to protect children from infectious diseases. Parents of students can take their children to the vaccination clinic of the community medical service center to vaccinate their children. Among them, the protection time of the flu vaccine is roughly one year, so it is recommended to vaccinate the flu vaccine of that year every year.