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Crocus (scientific name: Crocus sativus L.), also known as saffron and saffron, is a perennial flower of the saffron genus Iridaceae, and it is also a common spice. Perennial herb. The bulb is oblate and spherical, about 3 cm in diameter, with a yellowish brown membrane coating. The leaves are basal, 9-15, strip-shaped, gray-green, with recurved edges; the base of the leaf cluster is covered with 4-5 membranous sheath-like leaves. The flower stems are very short and do not protrude from the ground; 1-2 flowers, light blue, reddish purple or white, fragrant, orange-red style, slightly flat stigma, wedge-shaped top, shallow teeth, narrow fusiform ovary. The capsule is oval, about 3 cm long.

It is a native species in southwest Asia and was first cultivated artificially by the Greeks. It is mainly distributed in Europe, the Mediterranean, Central Asia and other places. It was introduced to China during the Ming Dynasty. It was listed in the "Compendium of Materia Medica" as a medicine, and it was grown in Zhejiang, China and other places. It is a valuable Chinese medicinal material with strong physiological activity. Its stigma is used as medicinal in Asia and Europe. It has sedative, expectorant and antispasmodic effects. It is used for gastric disease, menstruation, measles, fever, yellow gallbladder, liver and spleen. Great treatment.

Saffron is a famous and precious Chinese medicinal material. The main medicinal part is a small stigma, so it is very precious. Flowers contain carotene compounds, which are mainly saffron, dimethyl saffron, saffron and volatile oil, and the oil is mainly saffron. [2]

Its dry stigma is sweet and flat, can invigorate blood and remove blood stasis, disperse stagnation and open knots, and relieve pain. It is used for the treatment of depression, chest and diaphragm tightness, vomiting blood, typhoid fever, horror and trance, women's amenorrhea, blood stagnation, irregular menstruation, endless postpartum lochia, blood stasis and pain, measles, bruises, etc. Used as a sedative and expelling agent abroad. Invigorate blood and remove blood stasis, cool blood and detoxify, relieve depression and soothe the nerves. Warm poison is spotted, melancholy, dull, panicked and frantic.

"Pharmacopoeia". Kaqigeergeng: The stigma is used for liver disease, blood disease, and Peiyuan Fitness "Chinese Tibetan Medicine". Guri Gumu: The stigma clears liver heat, cultivates yuan and nourishes the body; cures all liver diseases "Tibetan Materia Medica".

[Uighur Medicine] Zepaer: Stigma is used for traumatic injury, blood stasis pain, amenorrhea of blood stagnation, liver depression and qi congestion, chest and hypochondriac tingling, postpartum abdominal pain, uneasiness, dim vision, forgetfulness ".

Stigma (crocus): Gan, flat. Invigorate blood, remove blood stasis, relieve pain. Used for blood stagnation, irregular menstruation, postpartum lochia, pain caused by blood stasis, bruises, depression, diarrhea, chest and hypotension. [3]