赵云的故事

空营退敌

赵云的军事韬略汉献帝建安二十四年(219)，刘备从曹军手中夺得汉中，曹操马上亲率大军来争夺。赵云奉命随黄忠夺取曹军粮草。两人分工，黄忠率主力出击，赵云留少许兵力守营接应。可到了约定时间，却不见黄忠归营，赵云出营探视，正巧遇上大批曹军。

赵云随身只带了几十个骑兵，眼见就要被曹军淹没，他没逃，反而先发制人，主动向曹军发起进攻。

曹军不知底细，竟略作退却。赵云稳住阵脚，边打边退，慢慢回到自己的营寨。守营将领见曹军势众，慌欲关闭营门。赵云进营后，却令大开营门，偃旗息鼓。曹军一看这架势，联想刚才赵云的镇静之态，以为赵云营中定有大军埋伏，吓得慌忙撤退。赵云随令营中擂响所有战鼓，军士一齐放箭，一时间鼓声震天，乱箭齐发，曹军转身就逃，慌不择路，自相践踏，有很多人涌进汉水中淹死了。

第二天早晨，刘备看了赵云大败曹军的地方，不禁赞道:“子龙一身都是胆也!”受了这次大挫，曹军士气一蹶不振，很多士兵开了小差。两月之后，曹操终于自认与汉中无缘，在连呼“鸡肋”的叹息声中，将汉中所有曹军全部撤到了长安。

正如刘备所赞，赵云胆量超人，但他却不是匹夫之勇。若一味傻大胆，面临大敌时，不是先声夺人的“前突其阵”后，便有计划地“且斗且却”，令敌军不敢轻举妄动，而是继续硬拼，那后果将很难想象。

退至营寨后，赵云若紧闭营门，以死相拒，以寡敌众，不怯不惧，也可谓胆大气壮，却无异以卵击石。赵云此时冷静运谋，先以勇慑敌之魂，继以虚惑敌之心，然后加以利用，在不得不退却时，却展现出一种诱敌深入，成竹在胸的态势，使敌人将信将疑，不敢放纵，因而保证了退却的安全，在强敌压境，孤营悬危之时，更展示出一种胜券在握，请君入瓮的姿态，使强敌由半疑到全疑，进而彻底被恐惧笼罩，不得不逃。

◎箕谷撤兵

诸葛亮第一次北伐，“扬声由斜谷道取郿”，派赵云和邓芝率少量部队为疑兵，据褒斜道南端的箕谷，诱使曹魏派其大将军曹真督重兵驻郿县与之相抗，而自率大军偷出祁山。由于所用非人，竟被曹魏仓促所遣之军于街亭大破，士卒离散，几至全军覆没。

诸葛亮惨败后，曹操看赵云兵少，遂趁势进攻，赵云和邓芝只得撤退。但同祁山一路蜀兵败后的溃不成军相反，赵云镇静若闲，指挥若定，一面派人烧毁相关栈道，以阻碍曹兵的追击，一面亲自垫后，让部队整齐撤退，以稳定军心。

诸葛亮问邓芝道:“街亭失利，大军败退，兵将不再可收拾，箕谷战败部队撤退，兵将依然齐整如初，是什么原因呢?”邓芝说:“赵云亲自在部队后面拒敌，军需物资，一点都没有抛弃，兵将没有什么缘由可以散乱。”

◎从仁政

汉献帝初平二年(191)，赵云奉家乡常山郡守之命，率兵支援幽州军阀公孙瓒。当时公孙瓒正与袁绍相抗，他怕人们投依袁绍，见赵云率兵来相助，又惊又喜，便以开玩笑的口吻问赵云:听说你们冀州那一带的人都愿投靠袁氏，怎么唯独您一人迷途知返?赵云正色答道:“天下汹汹，未知孰是，民有倒悬之厄，鄙州论议，从仁政所在，不为忽袁公而私明将军也。”

公孙瓒本以为赵云相投，乃是因了他得人心的缘故，赵云却指出他和袁绍实质一样并不得人心。这样，一则向公孙瓒进了谏，二则也表明了自己“从仁政所在”的政治理想和择主标准。

汉献帝建安十九年(214)，赵云随刘备大军围攻成都，逼降刘璋，夺得益州。许多将士被胜利冲昏头脑，向刘备建议，将成都城中的房屋和城外的园地、桑田，通通分赐诸将。

赵云说:“霍去病以匈奴未灭，无以为家。今国贼非但匈奴，未可求安也。须天下都定，各返桑梓，归耕本土，乃其宜耳。益州人民初罹兵革，田宅皆当归还，然后可役调，得其欢心。”刘备采纳了赵云的建议，成都百姓才避免了一场家破人逃的浩劫。

英语翻译：

Air camp retreat

Zhao Yun's military strategy In the twenty-fourth year of Jian'an (219), when Liu Bei seized Hanzhong from Cao Jun, Cao Cao immediately led an army to compete for it. Zhao Yun was ordered to take Cao Jun's food and grass with Huang Zhong. The two divided the work, Huang Zhong led the main attack, and Zhao Yun left a few troops to defend the camp. But at the appointed time, Huang Zhong did not return to the camp. Zhao Yun went out to visit and met a large number of Cao Jun.

Zhao Yun only took dozens of cavalry with him. He saw that he was about to be overwhelmed by Cao Jun. He did not escape. Instead, he took the initiative to attack Cao Jun.

Cao Jun didn't know the details, so he retreated slightly. Zhao Yun stabilized his position, retreated while fighting, and slowly returned to his camp. The garrison general saw Cao's army and closed the camp door in a panic. After Zhao Yun entered the camp, he opened the gate of the camp and died down. When Cao Jun saw this posture, he recalled Zhao Yun's calm state just now, thinking that there must be an army ambushing in Zhao Yun's camp, and he hurriedly retreated with fright. Zhao Yun beat all the war drums in the camp. The sergeants let off their arrows. For a time, the drums shook the sky and the arrows were all fired. Cao Jun turned around and fled, panicking and trampling on himself. Many people flooded into the Han River and drowned.

The next morning, Liu Bei looked at the place where Zhao Yun defeated Cao Jun. He couldn't help but praised: "Zilong is full of courage!" After this big setback, Cao's morale fell into a slump, and many soldiers deserted. Two months later, Cao Cao finally admitted that he had no chance with Hanzhong. Amidst repeated sighs of "chicken ribs", Cao Cao withdrew all the Cao troops from Hanzhong to Chang'an.

As Liu Bei praised, Zhao Yun is superhuman, but he is not brave. If you are blindly silly and bold, when facing a major enemy, you will not be the first to pretend to be a "strike", and then you will have a planned "fight and fight", so that the enemy will not dare to act rashly, but continue to fight hard, the consequences will be very difficult. Imagine.

After retreating to the camp, Zhao Yunruo closed the camp door tightly, resisting with death, with few enemies, not timid or fearful, but also courageous, but it is no different from hitting a rock with a pebble. Zhao Yun calmly planned at this time, first used the soul of courage to deter the enemy, followed by the heart of the enemy, and then used it. When he had to retreat, he showed a posture of inducing the enemy to deepen and be prepared to make the enemy believing. Not dare to indulge, thus ensuring the safety of retreat. When a strong enemy is crushing the situation and the lonely camp is in danger, it shows a winning attitude, please enter the urn, so that the strong enemy is suspicious to suspicious, and then completely shrouded in fear. , Had to flee.

◎Jigu withdrawing troops

During Zhuge Liang’s first Northern Expedition, "the voice is taken from the Xiegu Road", Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi led a small number of troops as suspects. According to the Jigu at the southern end of the Baoxie, Cao Wei sent his general Cao Zhen to supervise heavy troops in Yinxian County. Resist, and voluntarily led an army to steal Qishan. Because of the inhumanity used, the army sent by Cao Wei hurriedly broke through at the street pavilion. The soldiers were separated, and the whole army was